PKS Carbonization

Converting Palm Kernel Shell waste into high-density, carbon-neutral Biocoal through advanced thermal engineering.

The Shell-to-Coal Evolution

PHASE 01

Raw PKS Intake

Palm Kernel Shells are cleaned and sized. Natural moisture is roughly 12-20%.

PHASE 02

Thermal Cracking

Heated to 300°C+ in an oxygen-free chamber. Volatile gases are extracted and recycled for energy.

PHASE 03

Biocoal Finalization

The result is a hydrophobic, carbon-rich solid with 23+ MJ/kg energy density.

Efficiency Breakdown

Metric Raw PKS PKS Biocoal
Energy Value ~16 MJ/kg ~23-25 MJ/kg
Moisture High (15%) Ultra-Low (<3%)
Storage Indoor Only Weather Resistant